Magnetostriction

Magnetostriction

Magnetostriction can be defined as the change in dimension of a piece of magnetic material induced by a change in its magnetic state. Generally, a magnetostrictive material changes its dimension when subjected to a change of the applied magnetic field.

What causes magnetostriction effect?

Chikazumi [3]: "The reason for [magnetostriction] is that the crystal lattice inside each domain is spontaneously deformed in the direction of domain magnetization and its strain axis rotates with the rotation of the domain magnetization, thus resulting in a deformation of the specimen as a whole".

What is magnetostriction in a transformer?

Magnetostriction is a phenomenon occurring in transformer core in normal operation mode. Yet in time, it can cause the delamination of magnetic core resulting in higher level of vibrations that are measured on the surface of transformer tank during diagnostic tests.

What is the difference between magnetostrictive and piezoelectric?

Piezoelectric transducers utilize the piezoelectric property of a material to convert electrical energy directly into mechanical energy. Magnetostrictive transducers utilize the magnetostrictive property of a material to convert the energy in a magnetic field into mechanical energy.

What is the principle of magnetostriction?

Magnetostriction (cf. electrostriction) is a property of magnetic materials that causes them to change their shape or dimensions during the process of magnetization. The variation of materials' magnetization due to the applied magnetic field changes the magnetostrictive strain until reaching its saturation value, λ.

What is magnetostriction used for?

Magnetostrictive materials are used to convert electromagnetic energy into mechanical energy and vice versa. This effect can be used to create sensors that measure a magnetic field or detect a force. The magnetic field or force applied would create a strain in the material, which can be measured.

How can I reduce my magnetostriction?

It isn't possible to remove magnetostriction completely, but proper transformer design, assembly and installation helps to control it to some extent, as well as mask the noise.

How many types of magnetostriction are there?

There are two types of magnetostriction: spontaneous magnetostriction which arises from the magnetic ordering of atomic moments below the Curie temperature (usually causing a volume expansion) and field induced magnetostriction which arises from the alignment of magnetic domains on application of an applied field.

Who discovered magnetostriction effect?

Keisuke Kobayashi, Station Leader of the NIMS Beamline Station, and others discovered a structural “morphotropic phase boundary” accompanied by magnetism in a ferromagnetic material, and also found a giant magnetostriction effect (giant magnetostriction) 100 times that of iron with the boundary composition.

How do you stop a transformer from buzzing?

Use acoustical dampening material You can reduce the noise produced by the transformer by covering the walls of the transformer cabin with noise absorbent materials such as acoustic tiles, kimsul, or fiberglass.

How is magnetostriction measured?

The magnetostriction measurements are estimated using the principle of triangulation. The magnetostrictive properties of Terfenol-D based materials obtained from two different suppliers were used to test the system. Both exhibited positive magnetostriction, with values in good agreement with those in the literature.

What is positive and negative magnetostriction?

The magnetostriction coefficient λ can be positive or negative. For a positive λ the material expands in the direction of the applied magnetic field, while for a negative λ it shrinks (see fig. 2).

Can ultrasonic cleaning damage teeth?

There are no known adverse effects of ultrasonic teeth cleaning at the moment. In fact, many dentists prefer ultrasonic teeth cleaning over manual teeth cleaning because it is a less invasive and less damaging process than the traditional teeth scaling process.

How does a magnetostrictive sensor work?

Inside the probe tube there is a rigid wire made of magnetostrictive material. The sensor circuitry emits pulses of current through the wire, generating a circular magnetic field. The level transmitter is a magnet, which is integrated into the float.

What is the difference between piezo and ultrasonic?

Piezo-electric scalers are touted as being more comfortable to the patient and less traumatic to the tooth and tissue than the ultrasonic scalers. However, in cases where there is significant tartar build-up, the ultrasonic scalers break away the large pieces of calculus faster and more efficiently than the piezo does.

What is magnetostriction effect in ultrasonic?

When magnetic field is applied across the length of a ferromagnetic rod such as Nickel, then change in the length of rod is observed. This is called Magnetostriction. The charge in length is propotional to the strength of megnetic field. The increase in length is very small in practice.

What is meant by ferromagnetic material?

Ferromagnetic materials are those materials which exhibit a spontaneous net magnetization at the atomic level, even in the absence of an external magnetic field. When placed in an external magnetic field, ferromagnetic materials are strongly magnetized in the direction of the field.

How ultrasonic waves are generated?

Ultrasonic waves are produced when an electrical signal generator sends a burst of electrical energy to a piezoelectric crystal in the transducer causing the crystal to vibrate and convert the electrical pulses into mechanical vibrations (sound waves).

What is the meaning of magnetization?

Definition of 'magnetization' 1. the process of magnetizing or the state of being magnetized. 2. Electricity. the magnetic moment per unit volume induced by any external magnetic field: measured in amperes per meter.

What material is commonly used in magnetostrictive transducers?

Most materials that can be magnetized exhibit magnetostrictive effects. The magnetostrictive material most commonly used in magnetostrictive ultrasonic transducers is nickel or a nickel alloy.

12 Magnetostriction Images

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